adāru I

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Meanings:
to be(come) dark, gloomy; to fear
de:German: Deutsch dunkel sein/werden; (sich) fürchten
fr:French: Français devenir sombre, lugubre ; avoir peur
Distribution: OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE), MBMB: Middle Babylonian (ca. 1600–1000 BCE), SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE)
Grammar:
pos: v.Verbroot: ʾdrI/ʾ; I/a (primae ʾaleph) – a/ua/u class (Present a, Preterite u)stem: GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem), GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative), ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem), ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix), NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem)
Etymology: Sem.Semitic
1 Lexical
Commentaries

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (comm.) NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem) i-na-di-ir : i-šá-an-ni SpTU 4, 162 r. 4 CCP “'it becomes eclipsed' (means) 'it changes'”. Comm. to EAE. new

31. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem)
1.1. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem): To darken

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) [Sîn i]-’a-ad-d[ar] LAOS 18, 117: 99 (EAE) eBL “the moon will darken”. new

1.2. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem): To fear

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ul i-du-ur ā⸢li⸣kam [a]na [i]mni[šu? (u šumēlišu ?)] Zimrī-Līm Epic ii 11 SEAL “he was not afraid of who walks [a]t [his] right [(and his left?)]”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) k[ak]kīja ⸢e⸣-du-ur-ma ēzib ālūššu RINAP 2, 441: 19 RINAP “he feared my w[eapo]ns and abandoned his city”.

12. GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) PN ša i-ta-na-an-da-ru kabtatka Gilg. OB Nippur: 4 eBL “PN whom your mind always fears”. new

13. ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem)

MB-LitMB-Lit: Middle Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem) ul-ta-dir eṭlūti ša GN ina kukitta!? AulaOr. Suppl. 23, 42: 30 (Gilg.) eBL “he wrongfully(?) put the young men of GN in fear”. || uštād[ir eṭlūti ša GN in]a kukitti Gilg. SB I 84. new

14. ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix) ana annâtu uš-ta-⸢dir*⸣ (∥ uš-ta-di-ru) qerebšina lā al⸢tanda⸣ Ludlul II 48 eBL “as for these (matters?), I became concerned (and) I had not learned their reason”. See for the reading also Hätinen 2025, 8. new

15. ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative) tu-uš-ta-aḫ-di-ir bū[l ṣērim] AML, 58: 10 SEAL “you have darkened the her[d of the steppe]”. ∥ quttur būlum “the herd is gloomy” in no. 56. new

16. NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem)

MB-LitMB-Lit: Middle Babylonian literary texts NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem) šīruja it-ta-aʾ-da-ra ORA 7, 208: 2 SEAL “my ominous sign became obscure”.

Cross-References
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