LAD

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Runs a full search across the whole database — lemmas, definitions, quotes, translations, notes, and AHw/CAD raw content (⌘ + Enter on a Mac; Ctrl + click on the Search button does the same, a plain click acts as Enter).
Akkadian:

Lemmas and variants
English:

Definitions and derived senses

Search Modes

saru

Flexible: finds šarru, saru, šāru (ignores diacritics and gemination)
sarru

Semi-flexible: finds šarru, ṣarru (respects gemination, ignores diacritics)
šarru

Exact: finds only šarru (respects all diacritics)

Wildcards

paru

Matches "paru" or words starting with "paru"
paru*

Starts with: words starting with "paru"
*paru

Ends with: words ending with "paru"
*paru*

Contains: words containing "paru" anywhere
par?

Single character: "par" + any one character
par@

Consonant: "par" + any single consonant
par#

Vowel: "par" + any single vowel

Field-specific Search

en:mule

English definitions only
de:Maultier

German definitions only
fr:mule

French definitions only
ar:بغل

Arabic definitions only
root:PRʾ

Root search (supports wildcards)
pos:verb

Part of speech
lemma:parû

Lemma only (no variants)
variant:alamattu

Variants only
log:ANŠE

Logogram search
domain:

Semantic domain — type the colon to list values
topic:

Attestation topic — type the colon to list values
ANŠE.KUR.RA

ALL CAPS triggers logogram search

Attestations search

att:bib:KAR 158

Attestations that cite a text. Type att: and a reference: the list shows the attestations in the order of the text — the reference (for a field search, the matched words), the entry and its meaning. Enter opens the highlighted entry at that attestation; Ctrl+Enter lists them all and searches CAD and AHw for the plain reference.
att:akk:šarrum

The Akkadian text of the attestation. Diacritics are ignored, so sarrum finds šarrum and ba-la-tu finds ba-la-ṭu.
att:tr:king

The translation of the attestation.
att:mus:BM 34160

Museum number. Spaces, dots and hyphens are ignored, so BM 34160, BM.34160 and BM34160 all match.
att:src:ebl

The project a passage is linked to: ebl, seal, archibab, cal.
att:period:ob

Attestations of a period, by the id of the period list: oakk, ob, mb, sb, nb, lb, oa, ma, na … A short id also takes its sub-periods (ob → ob_onwards, oblit, oblex).
att:lemma:šarrum

Attestations belonging to one entry, by its lemma or its entry id.
att:bib:ARM period:ob

Fields combine, each one narrowing the search further. This gives the Old Babylonian attestations from ARM; att:akk:šarrum period:nb the Neo-Babylonian ones containing šarrum.
att:KAR 158

Without a field, every attestation field is searched at once.

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Version0.21

barbaru

REVIEW

Meanings:

wolf

Wolf

loup

ذئب

Grammar:

pos: gender: pattern: (?)

Logogram: UR.BAR.RA, UR.BAR

Etymology: Cf. the discussion in EDA 1, 194 no. P0322. Accordingly, the etymology is unclear and no clear Semitic cognate can be pointed out. A Sumerian origin (ur-bar-ra, perhaps from originally *bar-bar-ra; note developments like Sum. ušum ＜ Akk. bašmu) cannot be excluded.

5Attestations

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) libbaka kīma U[R.B]AR.RA bāštum [kīma] nēšim ⸢šalummatum liklāka⸣ ALL, 32: 82 SEAL “may dignity, [like] a wolf, (restrain) your heart, may radiance, like a lion, restrain you!” ^new

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts kīma ba-ar-ba-ri-im lakāta mādmi UET 6/2, 399: 6 SEAL “like a wolf (the anger) is quick-running”.

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) našāk ba-ar-ba-ri-im inaššak AML, 41: 3 SEAL “(the maškadu sickness) bites a wolf-bite”. ^new

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ul iḫaddī ba-ar-ba-ru YOS 11, 29: 25 SEAL “the wolf shall not rejoice”. (=AML 149: 5). ^new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) nēšu u UR.BAR.RA […] Wasserman 2020, 100 v 7’ “(instead of bringing about a flood), lion and wolf […]”. ^new

Cross-References

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