galātu

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Variant: galādu
Meanings:
to tremble, take fright
de:German: Deutsch zittern, erschrecken
Distribution: OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE), MBMB: Middle Babylonian (ca. 1600–1000 BCE), SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE), NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE)
Domain: Emotion and affect; bodily functions
Grammar:
pos: v.Verbroot: gltIIIstem: GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem), GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative), DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive), DtDt-stem (D with t-infix), ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem), ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative), ŠDŠD-stem (Causative-Intensive)
Logogram: ḪULUḪ
Etymology: Inherited
11. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem)

NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) assapar urdāni ša šarrim bēlija GN ig-ta-al-du … kī GN ig-la!-du-u-ni iptalḫū issaparūni SAA 5, 202 r. 8 SAAo “I sent the servants of the king, my lord, and GN was frightened … after GN had been frightened, they became reverent and wrote to me”. note the rare preservation of /gt/ in igtaldu and the a-vowel in igladūni.

32. GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) gi-ta-lu-tu šakikku CUSAS 10, 15: 41 “it is given to you to be always frightened”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) ⸢u⸣nâti ša? libbija ina gi-tal-lu-ti (∥ [g]i-tal-lu-t[i ₄?]) irtūbā Ludlul I 113 eBL “my internal organs trembled from constantly getting nervous”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) kūru ina mūši iṣṣanabbassu u ḪULUḪmeš (|| ḪULUḪme) Sakikkû III 14 “during the night, he is repeatedly overcome by depression and he quivers constantly”. new

23. DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) mannum idkēʾanni mannum ú-ga-li-ta-ni ṣeḫrum idkēka ṣeḫrum ú-ga-li-it-ka ZA 61, 62: 7f. “'Who has awakened me? Who has startled me?' – 'The child has awakened you, the baby has startled you'”.

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) šittašu ú-ga-al-li-is-sú CUSAS 10, 5: 2 (Gilg.) eBL “his sleep frightened him”. new

14. ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative) [u]l-ta-nag-la-at? namrirrūša malû p[uluḫta] MesCiv. 17, 267: 15 (Lam.) “she spreads fear, her aura is filled with t[error]”.

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