gizzu

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Variant: kizzu, gīzu+
Meanings:
shearing, shorn; shearling; (a male goat)
Distribution: OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE), NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE), LBLB: Late Babylonian (ca. 626 BCE – 100 CE)
Domain: Animals; domesticated animals; textile production
Grammar:
pos: subst.Substantivenumber: pl. -ānPlural with the particle -ān gizzānuroot: gzzII/gem (mediae geminatae)pattern: PiRS
Logogram: OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) GUZ.ZA, MÁŠ.ZU The element ZU most likely represents the Akkadian ending of the word, but became part of the logogram in the lexical tradition and perhaps beyond.
Etymology: Derived ＜ gazāzu The interchange of initial g and k is frequently attested in derivations from this root. Only the nominal form (PiRS) is thus far unexplained.
4 Lexical

SB-LexSB-Lex: Standard Babylonian lexical texts ⸢máš⸣-zu = ki-iz-⸢zu⸣ , ⸢máš zú ra-aḫ⸣ = ku-za-⸢zu⸣ KAL 8, 67 r. i 12 (Hh) DCCLT. See MSL 8/1, 31: 218. One MB exemplar has kazzu instead: ka-⸢az⸣-[zu] (SLT 44 ii 30, see DCCLT) For the second entry, see kuzāzu.

SB-LexSB-Lex: Standard Babylonian lexical texts máš zú = ki-⸢iz⸣-[zu] , ⸢máš⸣ zú ra-aḫ = ku-za-zu AOAT 275, 277 BM 36714 r. 7 DCCLT. School tablet, excerpt from Ḫḫ XIII.

SB-LexSB-Lex: Standard Babylonian lexical texts daššu = ki-iz-zu (∥ g[i]-iz-zu) AOAT 50, 398 V 37 DCCLT “buck = k.”

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ditto( ma-aš ) = MÁŠ = gi-i-zu CTN 4, 232 r. 10 (Sᵇ) DCCLT. Followed by MÁŠ.GAL = urīṣu (“big goat = ram”) and MÁŠ.TUR = laliʾu (“little goat = kid”). new

11. Shearing

LBLB: Late Babylonian (ca. 626 BCE – 100 CE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) serpī parzilli ana gi-iz-zi CT 55, 252: 2 “(13 new) iron knives for shearing”. new

32. Shearling (as animal)

NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) 1 GUD 25 gi-zi ... 1 ANŠE 20 gi-zi CTN 2, 222: A 1–2 “1 ox, 25 shearlings ... 1 donkey, 20 shearlings”. See ib. 216 (a type of goat?). new

NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) [adi] remēšunu adi gi-za-ni-šú-nu BATSH 6, 20 r. 4 “(sheep) together with their young and their shearlings”. Pl. gizzānū. (diff. ib.: “fleeces”). new

NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (300 sheep) ana lid(d)ā[nīšunu] ana gi-za-ni-šú-nu SAAS 5, 51: 6 “to bear young and to be shorn”. Sim. BATSH 6, 110: 9. new

23. Shearling, shorn wool

NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (silver) ša immerī kaspi šāpti gi-zi SAA 11, 100: 3 SAAo “for sheep, price of the shorn wool”. new

LBLB: Late Babylonian (ca. 626 BCE – 100 CE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) 40 MA.NA SÍGḫi.a gi-zi CT 55, 761: 1 “40 minas of shorn wool”. new

14. A low-pile textile

OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) 2 TÚG gi-zu BAR.KAR.R[A] ARM 22, 119: 1 ARCHIBAB “2 shorn garments of barkarrû -quality”. (coll. ARM 30, 195). new

This type of textile is designated as gazzu in OA. In OB, the word corresponds to túg GUZ.ZA in parallel texts. See Durand 2009, 34f. for add. refs. and disc. See also AHw. s.v. kizzu II.
15. Bīt gizzi "shearing shed"

LBLB: Late Babylonian (ca. 626 BCE – 100 CE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) bīt gi-iz-zi CT 57, 162: 4 “shearing shed”. new

Discussion

The lexical evidence for a type of goat might point towards a breed that was particularly suitable for fiber production and therefore routinely shorn.

Cross-References
See also:
gazzu, gizzatu
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