kabātu

REVIEW
Share this entry Download this entry as XML LAD kabātu, https://lad.saw-leipzig.de/entry/LAD005202Click to copy
Variant: NANA: Neo Assyrian (ca. 1000–600 BCE) kabādu
Meanings:
to be(come) heavy
de:German: Deutsch schwer sein/werden
fr:French: Français être/devenir lourd
Distribution: OA onward(s)OA onward(s): Old Assyrian onwards (ca. 1900 BCE onwards), OB onward(s)OB onward(s): Old Babylonian onwards (ca. 2000 BCE onwards)
Grammar:
pos: v.Verbroot: kbtIII – i/ii/i class (Present i, Preterite i)stem: GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem), DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive), DtDt-stem (D with t-infix), MB-AmarMB-Amar: Middle Babylonian texts from Amarna (ca. 1500–1200 BCE) DtnDtn-stem (D with tan-infix, iterative), ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem)
Logogram: DUGUD
Etymology: Inherited Cf. Aram./Syr. kbd “to be heavy”, see Sokoloff 1992, 249; Tal 2000, 374; similar Arab. kbd “hart/schwer betreffen”, see Wehr 1081; Hebr. “to be heavy”, see Gesenius 23.
141. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem)

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) mīššum tuppum ik-bi₄-it-ku-nu-tí-ma lā tušēbilānim BIN 4, 26: 49 “why has a tablet become too heavy for you to send me one?” G “to be(come) heavy”, of tablets. new

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) PN mariṣ kà-bi₄-it AKT 9a, 41: 6 “PN is seriously ill”. G “to be(come) serious” (of conditions). See OB maruṣ kabit Sumer 14, 68 no. 43: 16; sim. AKT 9a 41: 29. new

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) (may good news from you reach me in the City) panūʾa ana ṣērika lā i-kà-bi₄-tù KBo. 9, 9 r. 7 “so that I need not be worried about you”. See also VS 26, 71: 7; AKT 3, 67: 19; Gökçek 2017, 41 no. kt n/k 1377: 22. new

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) dullum ina ālim ik-tí-bi₄-it Prag, 467: 5 “distress has caused aggravation in the city”. new

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) (I will no longer keep sending you textiles) ša i-kà-bu-tù CCT 3, 23b: 5 “that are heavy”. G uncertain (ikabbitūni expected). new

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ištū 3 šanātim ū 4 šanātim aššumi merʾa PN panūʾa kà-áb-tù(-ma) AKT 9a, 152: 6 “for 3 years or 4 years I have been worrying about PN's son”. G with panū, “to be(come) worried, anxious”. new

OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) biltum ik-ta-ab-da-an-né-ši-[im] ARM 27, 37: 47 ARCHIBAB “the load has become too heavy for us”. new

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ik-bi-us-sú-um-ma dullašu Fs. Reiner, 190: 5 SEAL “his toil became too heavy for him”.

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ana kī kab-ta-at qāssu libbašu rēmēni Ludlul I 33 eBL “as heavy as his hand, so merciful is his heart”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ša nešmûšu ik-bi-tu (var. [i]k-bit) tu[ša]ptâ uznu tazquššuma ša ramānuš i[k-bi]-tú (var. ik-bit) elīšu AfO 19, 64 iii 1-2 “you allowed the ears of him who has become hard of hearing to open, you raised up him who has become a burden to himself”. || BM 61649+ iii 8–9 || BM 87226: 12–13 (Mayer 2016, 222). new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) kab-ta-at qāssu ul aleʾʾi našâša Ludlul III 1 eBL “heavy was his hand, I was not able to bear it”.

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ina mārak ūmi uštaqarrabšuma DUGUD-su Sakikkû XXVI 8′ “it will be(come) more frequent during the course of the day and it will become burdensome for him”. See similar also Sakikkû XXVI 19′, 33′ (26′f., 42′ in Heeßel 2000) and passim in this tablet. Diff. Heeßel 2000, 279 and 287 (“am Mittag wird es ihm sehr nahe kommen und ihm schwer sein”). new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) [šumma qerbūšu] ebṭū ⸢u⸣ pīšu k[a-b]it Sakikkû XXXIII 89 “[if his innards] are swollen and his mouth (feels) he[av]y”. Restorations according to the partly parallel Sakikkû XL 87 (concerning infants) (97 in Scurlock 2014). new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (comm.) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) šēpša !(text: GÌR II-šú) DU[GUD (- at ) : ša ana dak]ê dannašša !(text: - šú) CunMon. 49/2, 323: 4′f. “her(!) foot is (too) he[avy (refers to) the case where] it is (too) difficult for her(!) [to rai]se”. Commentary Sakikkû XXXVI 96. new

42. DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive)

OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) ammīnim panīki tu-ka-ab-bi-tim OBTR, 141: 19 ARCHIBAB. D “to make heavy, oppress”. new

OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) ṣābam li-ka-bi-du-nim-ma ARM 27, 102: 22 ARCHIBAB. Durand 1997, 179. new

OBOB: Old Babylonian (ca. 2000–1600 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) kalakkam elīšina u-ka-ab-bi-it ARM 14, 18 r. 9 ARCHIBAB. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) [i]štar⸢ta⸣šu li-kab-bi-is-su (∥ li-kab-bit-su) Ludlul V 115 eBL “his goddess may treat him honorably”. See also Ludlul V 117 (by the king). Cf. Oshima 2014, 341 for possible restorations of the beginning.

13. DtDt-stem (D with t-infix)

OAOA: Old Assyrian (ca. 1900–1700 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DtDt-stem (D with t-infix) ṣuḫārtum irtibī ku-ta-bi₄-it-ma alkamma ana sūn d Ištar šukušši BIN 4, 9: 21 “the girl has grown up and become burdensome, come and sacrifice her to Ištar”. Dt. new

14. ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem) (statues) ⸢šu-uk⸣-bu-tu mīnâtim RINBE 1/1, 216 ii 20' “massive in dimensions”.

Cross-References
CAD
Loading CAD entry…
AHw
Loading AHw entry…
Loading AHw entry…