LAD

Default Search

Enter

Opens the highlighted autocomplete suggestion (the first one unless you move the highlight with the arrow keys).
Ctrl + Enter

Runs a full search across the whole database — lemmas, definitions, quotes, translations, notes, and AHw/CAD raw content (⌘ + Enter on a Mac; Ctrl + click on the Search button does the same, a plain click acts as Enter).
Akkadian:

Lemmas and variants
English:

Definitions and derived senses

Search Modes

saru

Flexible: finds šarru, saru, šāru (ignores diacritics and gemination)
sarru

Semi-flexible: finds šarru, ṣarru (respects gemination, ignores diacritics)
šarru

Exact: finds only šarru (respects all diacritics)

Wildcards

paru

Matches "paru" or words starting with "paru"
paru*

Starts with: words starting with "paru"
*paru

Ends with: words ending with "paru"
*paru*

Contains: words containing "paru" anywhere
par?

Single character: "par" + any one character
par@

Consonant: "par" + any single consonant
par#

Vowel: "par" + any single vowel

Field-specific Search

en:mule

English definitions only
de:Maultier

German definitions only
fr:mule

French definitions only
ar:بغل

Arabic definitions only
root:PRʾ

Root search (supports wildcards)
pos:verb

Part of speech
lemma:parû

Lemma only (no variants)
variant:alamattu

Variants only
log:ANŠE

Logogram search
domain:

Semantic domain — type the colon to list values
topic:

Attestation topic — type the colon to list values
ANŠE.KUR.RA

ALL CAPS triggers logogram search

Attestations search

att:bib:KAR 158

Attestations that cite a text. Type att: and a reference: the list shows the attestations in the order of the text — the reference (for a field search, the matched words), the entry and its meaning. Enter opens the highlighted entry at that attestation; Ctrl+Enter lists them all and searches CAD and AHw for the plain reference.
att:akk:šarrum

The Akkadian text of the attestation. Diacritics are ignored, so sarrum finds šarrum and ba-la-tu finds ba-la-ṭu.
att:tr:king

The translation of the attestation.
att:mus:BM 34160

Museum number. Spaces, dots and hyphens are ignored, so BM 34160, BM.34160 and BM34160 all match.
att:src:ebl

The project a passage is linked to: ebl, seal, archibab, cal.
att:period:ob

Attestations of a period, by the id of the period list: oakk, ob, mb, sb, nb, lb, oa, ma, na … A short id also takes its sub-periods (ob → ob_onwards, oblit, oblex).
att:lemma:šarrum

Attestations belonging to one entry, by its lemma or its entry id.
att:bib:ARM period:ob

Fields combine, each one narrowing the search further. This gives the Old Babylonian attestations from ARM; att:akk:šarrum period:nb the Neo-Babylonian ones containing šarrum.
att:KAR 158

Without a field, every attestation field is searched at once.

Page navigation ▼

Loading navigation...

Dictionary navigation ▼

Loading…

CAD raw content navigation — coming soon.

AHw raw content navigation — coming soon.

Version0.9

muṣaʾʾirānu

REVIEW

Variant: muṣârānu, miṣaʾʾarānu

Meanings:

frog

Frosch

grenouille

Distribution: ,

Domain: Animals; fish and aquatic animals

Grammar:

pos: suffix:

Logogram: BÍ.ZA.ZA, NAR.TUŠ⁺

Etymology: Inherited (?) The relationship with PSem. *ṣ̂Vpardiʿ- “frog” is unclear (cf. SED 2, 222).

3Attestations

miṣaʾʾarānuOB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) mi-ṣa-ʾa₄-ra-na taṣabbat YOS 11, 4: 4 “you grab a frog”. See Mayer 2017, 11. ^new

NAR.TUŠSBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) [šu]mma NAR.TUŠnàr-tu-ušmu-ṣa-ʾi-ra-nu ina līlâti […] KAL 13, 75: 39 “[i]f a frog […] in the evening”. ^new

BÍ.ZA.ZASBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) [BÍ.ZA].ZA arraqa ša ina muḫḫi [elpeti lū ina muḫḫi samalli (ū/lū?) uru]llu izzu[zzu ...] Sakikkû XXIX 22 “[(concerning) a] deep green [fr]og which sa[t] on top of [alfalfa-grass or (alternatively) on top of s.-plant (or?) u.-re]ed”. Corresponds to 52′–54′ in Heeßel 2000. Partially restored according to the abbreviated parallel BM 56605 (see Heeßel 2000, 117f.: 6–11) and BM 37063+ (see Schmidtchen 2025, 183 ms. p). ^new

CAD

Loading CAD entry…

AHw

Loading AHw entry…