târu

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Variant: AssAss: Assyrian dialect (all periods) tūʾāru
Meanings:
to turn, return; become (again)
de:German: Deutsch sich umwenden, zurückkehren; (wieder) werden
fr:French: Français se tourner, revenir ; redevenir
Distribution: OAkk onward(s)OAkk onward(s): Old Akkadian onwards (ca. 2350 BCE onwards)
Grammar:
pos: v.Verbroot: twrII/w (mediae infirmae)stem: GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem), DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive), DtnDtn-stem (D with tan-infix, iterative)
Logogram: GUR, GUR.GUR (Gtn), GI₄
Etymology: Inherited Cf. Aram. tʾr, twr “to turn back”, see Sokoloff 2002, 1199. Accordingly, there might be an Akkadian influence on some of the Aram. usages. WS cognates differ in their meanings as in Ugar. tr “to scour, travel through, cross” and Arab. tāra “to run”, (IV) ʾaṯāra, “to repeat”, see DUL 862f.
1 Lexical
Commentaries

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (comm.) DtnDtn-stem (D with tan-infix, iterative) [ut-ta-nar :] ⸢ GUR : ta-a⸣-ri : GUR : saḫāri CunMon. 49 2, 213: 7. Commentary Sakikkû X 9. new

71. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ikkarriṭma zamar (ma) i-tar (∥ i-ta-ri; i-ta-a-⸢ri⸣) ālittūš(šu) Ludlul I 18 eBL “(but) once he is merciful, he will quickly become (like) his mother”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ana kišukkija i-tu-ra bīt⸢ī⸣ Ludlul II 96 eBL “my home became a prison”.

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ⸢šīd* dum⸣[q]išu?* ana gallê i-tur-ra-áš-šu (∥ [... i-tú]r-raš-šú) Counsels of Wisdom: 19 eBL “his bene[volent protective spi]rit(?) will turn for him into a gallû -demon”. Note the different translation in Földi 2022 (“His protective spirit will turn him over to demons.” However, this and similar phrases usually refer to the change of the nature of a protective spirit. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) akala u šikāra lā GUR-ma ikkal u lā iṣallal Sakikkû XXVI 56′ “he does not turn away from bread and beer so he eats and cannot sleep”. Corresponds to 78′f. in Heeßel 2000. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ana murṣišu i-tar Sakikkû XXVIII 26 “he will have a relapse of his disease”. Corresponds to 38 in Heeßel 2000. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ana dār ardat lilî GUR-šú Sakikkû XXVIII 14 “a lilû -maiden will turn to him forever(?)”. Corresponds to 26 in Heeßel 2000. See also Sakikkû XXVIII 15 (27 in Heeßel 2000). new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) ana labāṣ(u) GUR-šum-ma Sakikkû XIV 234′ “(if) it develops for him into l .-fever”. new

12. GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) murussu GUR.GUR-šú : imât Sakikkû XXVIII 11 “his disease will repeatedly return : he will die”. Corresponds to 23 in Heeßel 2000. See also Sakikkû XXVIII 12 (24 in Heeßel 2000). new

83. DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) Ima-an-nu-(um)-ú-ta-ar-is-sú ZA 110, 41 ii 6, 18 SEAL “who can turn away his strength? (PN)”. Following Streck/Wasserman 2014, 45. Foster/George 2020, 38 interpret the name as Mannu-utarrissu “who made him prosper?” or “who gave him good guidance?”, but in light of this assuming a consistent broken spelling -ar-is- and the short form Ima-an-nu-ú-ta-ar ibid. 42 ii 37, 53, iii 16’, 27’, 42’, 54’, iv 7’, 29’ this seems unlikely (cf. Streck/Wasserman 2023, 221 ad a ii 6, 18). new

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) māt GN ina qāti GN₂ ⸢ut⸣-ti-ir māt GN₂ uḫalli[q] Ahmed 2012, 257: 72 “he (had) returned the land of GN from the claim of GN₂ (and) destroy[ed] the land of GN₂”.

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) PN dannum ana makîm ⸢ú⸣-ti-ir-šu ZA 93, 8 iv 8 “PN, the strong (one), turned him into a destitute person”. new

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) šum PN šarrim ana ašrišu lā ú-ta-ar-ru Wilcke 2017, 743: 67 “who(ever) does ⸢not restore⸣ the name of PN, the king”. new

MA-LitMA-Lit: Middle Assyrian literary texts — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) ṣiṣâ rapša ana ālija Aššur lū ú-te-ra Wilcke 2010, 433 vi 22 “a wide reed thicket I indeed returned to my city Aššur”. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) māt GN ana ša ramnini nu-tar-ru RIMB 2, 295 i 23 “we will take possession of the land of GN”. see also RIMB 2, 301 i 15. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) ⸢s⸣isê parê imērē alpē .[.]. ⸢maḫ⸣rišunu ramā⸢nušš⸣un ú-ter-ru-ma RINAP 2, 443: 40 “they took possession of horses, mules, donkeys, oxen .[.]. before them”. The use of maḫrišunu in this sentence seems strange and out of place. new

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive) [..]. [... a]na marušti tur-ru (∥ tur!-ri) ikkib DN Counsels of Wisdom: 50 eBL “to turn ... into trouble (is) a taboo of DN”. Possible restorations of the beginning of the line might be either [a-m]at? du-[um-qí?] “a g[ood(?) repo]rt/new]s(?)” or [(x) ú-s]at du-[um-qí?] “r[eady he]lp(?)”; cf. the damaged last line of the obv. of K.3364. new

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