maḫāru

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Meanings:
to face, confront; oppose; receive
de:German: Deutsch gegenüberstehen, sich stellen; sich widersetzen; empfangen
fr:French: Français faire face à, affronter ; s'opposer à ; recevoir
Distribution: OAkk onward(s)OAkk onward(s): Old Akkadian onwards (ca. 2350 BCE onwards)
Grammar:
pos: v.Verbroot: mḫrIII (NB also inḫur ; NA also iḫḫur ) – a/ua/u class (Present a, Preterite u)stem: GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem), GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative), DD-stem (Doubled stem/Intensive), DtnDtn-stem (D with tan-infix, iterative), ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem), ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix), ŠtnŠtn-stem (Š with tan-infix, iterative), NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem)
Logogram: IGI, ÍB.SÁ (in mathm. sources, for Gt), NIGIN (for Štn), UR.KA.E (for Štn), GABA.RI (rare)
Etymology: Cf. PS *mḫr “to face”, see Kogan 2015, 194.
21. GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) uzzūššu lā ma-ḫar (var.: maḫ-ri) abūbu rūbšu Ludlul I 7 eBL “in his fury, he is irresistible (and) his turmoil is a flood”.

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) GG-stem (Grundstamm/Basic stem) attalû iškunma ašar Sîn im-ḫur AfO Bh. 22, 100: 19 (EAE) “an eclipse occurs and faces the region of the Sun”. Referring to when, due to refraction, the Sun and the Moon are simultaneously visible on each horizon (see Rochberg 1988, 87-88 fn. 1). Cf. AHw 578 sub maḫāru G 4d. new

12. GtGt-stem (G with t-infix)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) (comm.) GtGt-stem (G with t-infix) ina alāku im-taḫ-ru : ša ana tarṣi aḫāmeš ištē[niš illakū] CunMon. 49/2, 284 o. 8 “they (viz., the strands) correspond in movement (refers to) the case where [they] all to[gether move] at the same time”. Commentary Sakikkû XXI (unknown entry). Cf. also the commentary Sakikkû IV 100 in Wee 2019, 159 r. 8′ (broken context) and the note on the restoration of the end of the commentary in Wee 2019, 295f. new

23. GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative)

OB-LitOB-Lit: Old Babylonian literary texts GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) atta mi-ta-ḫa-ar DN -ma Pohl 2022, 283: 32 SEAL “you, keep approaching DN!”

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) GtnGtn-stem (G with tan-infix, iterative) [..]. karānu u riqqū išqûma baʾūlāt libbišu qurru buluṭ libbi in-da-na-ḫa-ra nummurū zīmūšun JNES 78, 6: 28 RINAP “[..]. grapevine and aromatics grew high and thus the people in it (viz. Karkemish) constantly receive an invitation of well-being (and) their face(s) are cheerful”.

14. ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ŠŠ-stem (Causative stem) agû tâmati šuruppâ ú-šam-ḫir išid lūtu ⸢it⸣tasaḫ kīma šamm[i] Ludlul III 74 eBL “he let the cold fits face the wave(s) of the sea (and) he tore out the root(s) of decay like a plant”. new

15. ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) — new attestation (not in AHw/CAD) ŠtŠt-stem (Š with t-infix) inba ina akālišu uš-ta-maḫ-ḫar ina libbišu lā uš[šabma] Sakikkû XXIII 24′ “while eating, he can keep fruits down (but) it does not set[tle(?)] in his belly”. See also Sakikkû XXIII 23′, 25′. new

16. NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem)

SBSB: Standard Babylonian (ca. 1000–0 BCE) NN-stem (Reflexive/Passive stem) šapp[u? šuʾātu?] lim-ma-ḫir [panūkki?] KAL 3, 72: 13 eBL “may [this(?)] šapp[u -bowl] be acceptable [to you]”.

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